Check all boxes that apply. Note: this is not a test; only you will see your score.

1. [m̰] is produced with the

   1. voiceless state of the glottis
   2. voiced state of the glottis
   3. creaky-voiced state of the glottis
   4. murmured state of the glottis
   5. breathy-voiced state of the glottis
   Check

2. [m̤] is produced with the

   1. voiced state of the glottis
   2. voiceless state of the glottis
   3. creaky-voiced state of the glottis
   4. murmured state of the glottis
   5. breathy-voiced state of the glottis
   Check

3. The vocal folds are apart for both

   1. creaky-voiced and murmured sounds
   2. murmured and whispered sounds
   3. murmured and voiceless sounds
   4. voiceless and creaky-voiced sounds
   Check

4. Which cartilage(s) manipulate(s) the vocal folds?

   1. The cricoid cartilage(s)
   2. The thyroid cartilage(s)
   3. The arytenoid cartilage(s)
   4. The nasal septum (cartilage)
   Check

5. A consonant such as [tʰ] is produced with

   1. a negative VOT
   2. a positive VOT
   3. a positive VOT of at least 20 ms.
   4. a negative VOT of at least 80 ms.
   Check

6. English word-initial /d/ CAN or MIGHT be produced with

   1. a negative VOT
   2. a positive VOT of 60 ms.
   3. a positive VOT of less than 10 ms.
   4. a VOT of 15 ms.
   Check

7. VOT can be used to measure the degree of

   1. consonant aspiration
   2. vowel voicing
   3. consonant murmured release
   4. consonant voicing
   5. consonant preaspiration
   6. vowel devoicing
   Check

8. The difference between English and French /p, t, k/ is

   1. French syllable-initial /p, t, k/ are produced with a greater VOT than English syllable-initial /p, t, k/.
   2. English syllable-initial /p, t, k/ are produced with a greater VOT than French syllable-initial /p, t, k/.
   3. French syllable-initial /p, t, k/ are produced with a negative VOT while English syllable-initial /p, t, k/ are produced with a positive VOT
   4. French syllable-initial /p, t, k/ are produced with a greater negative VOT than English syllable-initial /p, t, k/.
   Check

9. Cross-linguistically, phonemically voiceless consonants CAN or MIGHT be produced with

   1. A negative VOT of -80 ms.
   2. A positive VOT of 60 ms.
   3. A positive VOT.
   4. A negative VOT.
   5. A positive VOT greater than 60 ms.
   6. A negative VOT greater than -80 ms.
   Check

10. Creaky voiced consonants are produced with

    1. the vocal folds held tightly together at the anterior (back) end and vibrating slowly at the posterior (front) end.
    2. the vocal folds held loosely together and vibrating slowly.
    3. the vocal folds held tightly together at the posterior (front) end and vibrating slowly at the anterior (back) end.
    4. the vocal folds held tightly together and not vibrating, as for a glottal stop.
    Check