Ahern, T. C., Peck, K., & Laycock, M. (1992). The effects of teacher discourse in computer-mediated discussion. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 8(3), 291-309. Retrieved February 12, 2006 from http://baywood.metapress.com/

Allan., M. (2004). A peek into the life of online learning discussion forums: Implications for web-based distance learning. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 5(2). Retrieved November 3, 2004 from http://www.irrodl.org/content/v5.2/allan.html

Amy, W. (2003). Supporting Electronic Discourse: Principles of Design From a Social Constructivist Perspective. Journal of Interactive Learning Research. 14 (2), pp. 167-184. Retrieved October 20, 2005 from http://www.editlib.org/index.cfm?

Anderson, M. D. (1996). Using computer-mediated conferencing to facilitate group projects in an educational psychology course. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments & Computers, 28(2), 351-353. Retrieved February 12, 2006 from http://www.psychonomic.org/search/view.cgi?id=1134

Andrusyszyn, M. (1999). Instructor's guide to computer conferencing. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://publish.uwo.ca

Beaudin, B. P. (1999). Keeping online asynchronous discussions on topic. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 3(2), 41-53. Retrieved April 14, 2003 from http://www.aln.org/publications/jaln/v3n2/v3n2_beaudin.asp

Berge, Z. L. (1992). The role of the moderator in a scholarly discussion group (SDG). Presentation on the IPCT-L discussion list and subsequent discussion. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/zlbmod.html

Berge, Z. L., & Collins, M. (1993c). The founding and managing of IPCT-L: A listowners' perspective. Interpersonal Computing and Technology, 1(2). Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/papers/founding.html

Berge, Z., & Collins, M. (1993a). So you want to set up a listserv discussion group?! Helpful hints from the moderators of IPCT-L. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/papers/how2sdg.html

Berge, Z., & Collins, M. (2000). Perceptions of e-moderators about their roles and functions in moderating electronic mailing lists. Distance Education: An International Journal, 21(1), 81-100. Draft version retrieved April 1, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/modsur97.html

Beyth-Marom, R., et. al.(2005). Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Tutorials: Factors Affecting Students' Preferences and Choices. Journal of Research on Technology in Education 37(3), 245-62.Retrieved October 21, 2005 from http://www.iste.org/Content/

Black, A. (2005). The use of asynchronous discussion: Creating a text of talk. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 5(1), 5-24 .Retrieved October 20, 2005 from http://www.citejournal.org/vol5/iss1/languagearts/article1.cfm

Brochet, M. G. (1989). Effective moderation of computer conferences: Notes and suggestions. In M. G. Brochet (Ed.), Moderating conferences (pp. 601-608). Guelph, Ontario: University of Guelph.

Collins, M., & Berge, Z. L. (1996). Facilitating interaction in computer mediated online courses. Background paper for the Florida State University Association for Educational Communications and Technology Distance Education Conference, Tallahasee FL, June, 1996. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/flcc.html

Collins, M., & Berge, Z. L. (1997a). Moderating online electronic discussion groups. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association, Chicago IL, March 24-28. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/sur_aera97.html

Condon, S. L., & Cech, C. G. (1996). Discourse management strategies in face-to-face and computer mediated decision making interactions. Electronic Journal of Communication, 6(3). Accessed February 12, 2006 at http://www.cios.org/www/ejc/v6n396.htm

Curran, V., Lockyer, J., Kirby, F., Sargeant, J., Fleet, L., & Wright, D. (2005).The Nature of the Interaction Between Participants and Facilitators in Online Asynchronous Continuing Medical Education Learning Environments. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 2005, Vol. 17, (3), 240-245 . Retrieved October 20, 2005 from http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1207/s15328015tlm1703_7

Cuthbert, A., & Stahl, G. (2000). Strategies for sustaining interaction in online discussion forums and virtual communities. Paper presented at the 2000 annual conference of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans, LA. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.cis.drexel.edu/faculty/

Davie, L. E., & Wells, R. (1991). Empowering the learner through computer-mediated communication. The American Journal of Distance Education, 5(1), 15-23. Accessed February 12, 2006 at http://www.ajde.com/Contents/vol5_1.htm

deSchutter, A., Fahrini, P., & Rudolph, J. (2004). Best practices in online conference moderation. IRRODL Research Notes, 5(1). Retrieved September 28, 2005 from http://www.irrodl.org/content/v5.1/technote_xxvi.html

Eastmond, D. V. (1992). Effective facilitation of computer conferencing. Continuing Higher Education Review, 56(1/2), 23-34.

Eleuterio, M., & Bortolozzi, F. (2004). AMANDA: An intelligent system for mediating threaded discussions. International Journal on E-Learning, 3(3), 13-20. Retrieved November 16, 2005 from http://www.editlib.org/index.cfm?

Enhancing online discussion. (2002). Retrieved March 25, 2002 from State University of New York, TLT @ SUNY Program Web site: http://tlt.suny.edu/discussion.htm

Funaro, G. M., & Montell, F. (1999). Pedagogical roles and implementation guidelines for online communication tools. Asynchronous Learning Networks Magazine, 3(2). Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.aln.org/publications/magazine/v3n2/funaro.asp

Gerosa, M. A., Fuks, H., & Pereira de Lucena, C. J. (2001). Use of categorization and structuring of messages in order to organize the discussion and reduce information overload in asynchronous textual communication tools. 7th International Workshop on Groupware, IEEEE, Darmstadt, Germany, 136-141. Retrieved March 17, 2004 from http://ritv.les.inf.puc-rio.br/groupware/publicacoes/CRIWG2001.pdf

Green, L. (1998a). Online conferencing: Lessons learned. Retrieved April 1, 2002 from Office of Learning Technologies, Government of Canada Web site: http://emoderators.com/moderators/lessonse.pdf

Green, L. (1998b). Playing croquet with flamingos: A guide to moderating online conferences. Retrieved April 1, 2002 from Office of Learning Technologies, Government of Canada Web site: http://emoderators.com/moderators/flamingoe.pdf

Hiltz, S.R. (2005). Creating and sustaining effective ALNS. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 9(2), 11-15. Retrieved September 28, 2005 from http://www.sloan-c.org/publications/jaln/v9n2/pdf/v9n2_hiltz.pdf

Johnson-Eilola, J., & Selber, S. A. (1996). Policing ourselves: Defining the boundaries of appropriate discussion in online forums. Computers and Composition, 13(3), 269-291.

Klemm, W. R. (1997). Eight ways to get students more engaged in online conferences. The Higher Education Journal, 26(1), 62-64. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.thejournal.com

Kumari, D. S. (2003). Connecting graduate students to virtual guests through asynchronous discussions: Analysis of an experience. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 5(2), 53-63. Retrieved March 24, 2004 from http://www.aln.org/publications/jaln/v5n2/pdf/v5n2_kumari.pdf

Laferrière, T. (2000). Time saving strategies and tips for instructors using online discussion forums. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.tact.fse.ulaval.ca/ang/html/timesaver.html

Lee-Baldwin, J. (2005). Asynchronous discussion forums: A closer look at the structure, focus and group dynamics that facilitate reflective thinking. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 5(1), 93-115.

Markel, S. L. (2001). Technology and education online discussion forums: It's in the response. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 4(2). Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.westga.edu/~distance/ojdla/summer42/markel42.html

Mason, R. (1991). Moderating educational computer conferencing. DEOSNEWS, The Distance Education Online Symposium, 1(19). Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/papers/mason.html

Medley, R. M. (2005). Inviting Experts to Class through Computer-Mediated Discussions. College Teaching. 53(2),71-4. Retrieved October 28, 2005 from http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/heldref/

Morgan, M. C. (2000). Getting beyond the chat: Encouraging and managing online discussions. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://cal.bemidji.msus.edu/english/morgan/onlinediscussion/

Morris, M. (2000). E-mail editors: gatekeepers or facilitators? Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/morris.html

Morrison, D. (2003). Using activity theory to design constructivist online learning environments for higher order thinking: A retrospective analysis. Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, 29(3). Retrieved April 12, 2005, from http://www.cjlt.ca/content/vol29.3/cjlt29-3_art2.html

Muilenburg, L., & Berge, Z. L. (2002). A framework for designing questions for online learning. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/muilenburg.html

Murphy, E. (2003). Moving from theory to practice in the design of web-based learning from the perspective of Constructivism. The Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 1(4). Retrieved November 17, 2005 from http://www.ncolr.org/jiol/

O'Grady, G. (2001). Maximising the potential of computer mediated discussion: Guidelines for facilitation. CDTL (Centre for Development of Teaching and Learning) Brief, 4(4). Retrieved March 17, 2004 from http://www.cdtl.nus.edu.sg/brief/v4n4/sec3.htm

Paulsen, M. F. (1995). Moderating educational computer conferences. In Z. L. Berge & M. P. Collins (Eds.), Computer-mediated communication and the on-line classroom in distance education, Vol. 3(pp. 81-89). Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. Retrieved October 4, 2002 from http://vega.nettskolen.nki.no/forskning/20/moderating.html

Pferdehirt, W., Smith, T. W., Al-Ashkar, K. R. (2005). The University of Wisconsin-Madison's Master of Engineering in Professional Practice (MEPP) program: The road to quality online graduate engineering education. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 9(2), 29-38. Retrieved September 28, 2005 from http://www.sloan-c.org/publications/jaln/v9n2/pdf/v9n2_pferdehirt.pdf

Quinn, R. E., & Weiss, P. M. (1995). The establishment, care and feeding of a listserv list. Student Aid Transcript. Retrieved April 1, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/how2list.html

Rheingold, H. (1998). The art of hosting good conversations online. Retrieved April 1, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/artonlinehost.html

Rohfeld, R. W., & Hiemstra, R. (1995). Moderating discussions in the electronic classroom. In Z. L. Berge & M. P. Collins (Eds.), Computer-mediated communication and the on-line classroom in distance education, Vol 3 (pp. 91-104). Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. Retrieved October 4, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/rohfeld.html

Ross, S. M., Kukulska-Hulme, A., Chappel, H., & Joyce, B. (2004). Taking e-moderating skills to the next level: Reflecting on the design of conferencing environments. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 8(2), 115-138. Retrieved November 3, 2004 from http://www.sloan-c.org/publications/jaln/v8n2/v8n2_ross.asp

Rossman, M. H. (1999). Successful online teaching using an asynchronous learner discussion forum. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 3(2). Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.aln.org/publications/jaln/v3n2/pdf/v3n2_rossman.pdf

Salmon, G. (2004). Emoderating: The key to teaching and learning online. London: Taylor and Francis Books.

Salmon, G., & Giles, K. (1997). Moderating online. Paper presented at the Online Educa, Berlin. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/gilly/MOD.html

Schulte, A. (2004). The Development of an Asynchronous Computer-Mediated Course: Observations on How to Promote Interactivity. College Teaching 52(1),6-10. Retrieved October 21, 2005 from http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com

Seltzer, R. (n.d.). Quick advice for managing members-only online discussion. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.samizdat.com/members.html

Sherry, L., et. al.(2005). Mediated Conversations and the Affective Domain: Two Case Studies. International Journal on E-Learning, 4(4), 177-90. Retrieved October 28, 2005 from http://www.editlib.org/index.cfm?

Tu, C., & Corry, M. (2003). Designing and Conducting Ideal E-Learning Dialogue. In Proceedings of World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2003 (pp. 1225-1228). Norfolk, VA: AACE. Retrieved October 20, 2005 from http://www.editlib.org/index.cfm?

Walker, R., et. al.(2004). Introducing Group-Based Asynchronous Learning to Business Education. Reflections on Effective Course Design and Delivery. Educational Media International, 41(3), 253-62. Retrieved October 21, 2005 from http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com

Wang, C.H. (2005). Questioning skills facilitate online synchronous discussions. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning
21 (4) Pp 303-313. Retrieved October 21, 2005 from http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2729.2005.00138.x

Wells, R. (1993). Computer-mediated communication for distance education: An international review of design, teaching, and institutional issues. Research in Distance Education, (January/April), 13-14.

Winiecki, D. J. (1999). Keeping the thread: Adapting conversational practice to help distance students and instructors manage discussions in an asynchronous learning. DEOSNEWS, The Distance Education Online Symposium, 9(2). Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.ed.psu.edu/acsde/deos/deosnews/deosnews9_2.asp

Winograd, D. (2000). The effects of trained moderation in online asynchronous distance learning. Paper presented at the National Convention of the Association for Educational Communication and Technology. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service no. ED 455 799).

Winograd, D. (2001). Guidelines for moderating online educational computer conferences. SUNY: Potsdam. Retrieved March 25, 2002 from http://www.emoderators.com/moderators/winograd.html

Winograd, D. (2003). The roles, functions and skills of moderators of online educational computer conferences for distance education. Computers in the Schools, 20(3), 61–72.